Oleria TS = Papilio astraea Cramer, 1775
Andrew V. Z. BrowerThis tree diagram shows the relationships between several groups of organisms.
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close boxIntroduction
A diverse group of delicate mimetic butterflies from Central and South America. Many of the species exhibit geographical variability in their wing patterns. Larvae are cryptic green, and feed on various species of Solanaceae. It is likely that the adults gain their unpalatability from pyrrolizidine alkaloids gathered by nectaring from flowers of various Compositae.Discussion of Phylogenetic Relationships
Tree based on the molecular phylogenetic study of de Silva et al. (2010). Some taxa, such as Oleria onega, are paraphyletic and probably represent more than one species. The unplaced taxa at the bottom represent species not included in the de Silva et al. analysis.References
Brown KS, Jr., and Freitas AVL. 1994. Juvenile stages of Ithomiinae: overview and systematics. Tropical Lepidoptera 5: 9-20.
De Silva, D. L., Day, J. J., Elias, M., Willmott, K., Whinnett, A. & Mallet, J. 2010. Molecular phylogenetics of the neotropical butterfly subtribe Oleriina (Nymphalidae: Danaini: Ithomiini). Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 55, 1032-1041.
Lamas G ed. 2004. Atlas of Neotropical Lepidoptera. Checklist: Part 4A Hesperioidea - Papiionoidea. Gainesville: Scientific Publishers/Association of Tropical Lepidoptera.
Neild, A. F. E. 2008 The Butterflies of Venezuela. Part 2: Nymphalidae II (Acraeinae, Libytheinae, NYmphalinae, Ithomiinae, Morphinae). London: Meridian Publications.
About This Page
Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro, Tennessee, USA
Correspondence regarding this page should be directed to Andrew V. Z. Brower at
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Page: Tree of Life Oleria TS = Papilio astraea Cramer, 1775. Authored by Andrew V. Z. Brower. The TEXT of this page is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License - Version 3.0. Note that images and other media featured on this page are each governed by their own license, and they may or may not be available for reuse. Click on an image or a media link to access the media data window, which provides the relevant licensing information. For the general terms and conditions of ToL material reuse and redistribution, please see the Tree of Life Copyright Policies.
- First online 29 September 2006
- Content changed 21 July 2010
Citing this page:
Brower, Andrew V. Z. 2010. Oleria TS = Papilio astraea Cramer, 1775. Version 21 July 2010 (under construction). http://tolweb.org/Oleria/27611/2010.07.21 in The Tree of Life Web Project, http://tolweb.org/